Comparative adaptations in halophytes (Salicornia Europaea L., Puccinellia Distans (JACQ.) parl., and Atriplex olivieri MOQ.) exposed to salt stress

Abstract

Halophytic species show greatly different adaptation mechanisms in response to high salinity. The present study examines the effects of extreme salt (NaCl) application on three different halophytic plants (Salicornia europaea L., Puccinellia distans (Jacq.) Parl., and Atriplex olivieri Moq.). In order to evaluate the effects of salt stress, ten-day old halophyte seedlings were subjected to 0, 200, 400, 600 and 800 mM NaCl concentrations for two months. Growth, leaf water potentials, stoma situations and proline contents were evaluated. Chlorophyll and carotenoid content, soluble carbohydrates and hormone levels were also analyzed. Puccinellia distans and Atriplex oliveri’s growth was suppressed more than Salicornia europea; up to 400 mM salt concentration. Physiological changes also included; significant proline accumulation, carbohydrates and phytohormone adjustments and changes in osmotic potential, protein profiles and stomata size. The results suggested that possesses strategies, commonly present in halophytic plants, to cope with high salt levels differ with halophytic plant species. In addition, Salicornia europea can be used for halophytic adaptation studies as a model plant.