Ecological study of early ripe corn hybrids in the steppe zone of the lower Volga

Abstract

The article considers the results of statistical processing of a field experiment that includes 17 corn hybrids (FAO 100 - 199) and 22 indicators characterizing vegetative, generative traits and biochemical composition of grain. As for the cultivar factor (A), the differences in all variants were significant. According to the year factor (B), the differences in characteristics are not significant: shoots - panicle flowering, attachment height of the upper ear, content of nitrogen-free extractives. The interaction "genotype - environment" was not reliably revealed only by the content of nitrogen-free extractive substances. The output of gross energy in grain for corn hybrids varies within 39.11... 82.90 GJ/ha. The contribution of nutritious grains to the gross energy output was the following: protein - 4.73 - 10.69 GJ/ha, fat - 4.44 - 8.03 GJ/ha, fiber - 0.55 - 2.05 GJ/ha, nitrogen-free extractive substances - 29.40 - 62.70 GJ/ha. The experiment revealed a high total contribution to the total variability of the variety (A) factors and the year - genotype interaction (AB), while the effect of the year factor (B) does not exceed 7%.