PROBIOTICS AND THEIR ROLE IN INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF THE INTESTINAL TRACT
Keywords:
inflammatory bowel diseases, dysbiosis, intestinal microbiota, probioticsAbstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) - Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (UC) - are characterized by disruption of the interaction of еhe intestinal immune system with external factors, primarily the intestinal microbiota. Modern molecular genetic studies of the composition of the intestinal microbiota confirm that dysbiosis always occurs in IBD. Treatment aimed at correcting the intestinal microbiota is pathogenetically justified. Probiotics strengthen the intestinal protective barrier and have an impact on the local immune system. Studies on the effectiveness of probiotics in IBD show mixed results, which is explained by different study designs, the variety of strains used, and the heterogeneity of patient groups. The effectiveness of probiotics in UC is more convincing, so they are included in international and Russian recommendations as a means of maintaining and achieving remission with weak or moderate disease activity. Probiotics have proven to be effective in clinical practice as well. However, probiotic therapy should take into account the possible danger of bacterial translocation in severe forms of IBD, the different effectiveness of probiotic species and strains, and be based on the results of previous clinical studies for each drug.
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